V-ता/ई/ए हुआ (Verb as adjective)
Verb forms used as adjectives — habitual (V-ता हुआ = 'doing') or perfective (V-आ हुआ = 'done')
Examples
पढ़ता हुआ लड़का
the reading boy
लिखी हुई किताब
the written book
Usage Notes
V-ता हुआ describes an ongoing action (like English -ing): दौड़ता हुआ बच्चा (the running child). V-आ हुआ describes a completed state: बंद हुई दुकान (the closed shop).
The हुआ part agrees with the noun's gender and number: बैठा हुआ आदमी (seated man), बैठी हुई औरत (seated woman), बैठे हुए लोग (seated people).
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Related — Foundational Grammar
Hindi nouns and adjectives are either masculine or feminine, which affects verb endings, adjective forms, and postpositions
Hindi nouns, adjectives, and verbs change form for singular (one) vs plural (more than one)
Nouns change form before postpositions — direct case for subjects, oblique case before को, में, से, etc.
The base form of a verb — remove -ना from the infinitive to get the stem used in all verb forms
Comparative (-तर) and superlative (-तम) suffixes, or ज़्यादा (more) and सबसे (most) in everyday Hindi